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Career Opportunities in Social Work
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Social work is both a profession and social
science. It involves the application of social theory and research methods to
study and improve the lives of people, groups, and societies. It incorporates
and utilizes other social sciences as a means to improve the human condition and
positively change society's response to chronic problems.
Social work is a profession committed to the
pursuit of social justice, to the enhancement of the quality of life, and to the
development of the full potential of each individual, group and community in the
society. It seeks to simultaneously address and resolve social issues at every
level of society and economic status, but especially among the poor and sick.
Social workers are concerned with social problems,
their causes, their solutions and their human impacts. They work with
individuals, families, groups, organizations and communities. Social work and
human history go together. Social work was always in human societies although it
began to be a defined pursuit and profession in the 19th century. This
definition was in response to societal problems that resulted from the
Industrial Revolution and an increased interest in applying scientific theory to
various aspects of study. Eventually an increasing number of educational
institutions began to offer social work programmes.
Social work has its roots in the struggle of
society to ameliorate poverty and the resultant problems. Therefore, social work
is intricately linked with the idea of charity work; but must be understood in
broader terms. The concept of charity goes back to ancient times, and the
practice of providing for the poor can be found in all major world religions.
The practice and profession of modern social work has a relatively long
scientific origin, originating in the 19th Century. The movement began primarily
in Europe and North America. The settlement movement's emphasis on advocacy and
case work became part of social work practice. During the 20th
century, the profession began to rely more on research and evidenced-based
practice as it attempted to improve its professionalism. Today social workers
are employed in a myriad of pursuits and settings.
The International Federation of Social Workers
states, of social work today, "social work bases its methodology on a systematic
body of evidence-based knowledge derived from research and practice evaluation,
including local and indigenous knowledge specific to its context. It recognizes
the complexity of interactions between human beings and their environment, and
the capacity of people both to be affected by and to alter the multiple
influences upon them including bio-psychosocial factors. The social work
profession draws on theories of human development and behaviour and social
systems to analyze complex situations and to facilitate individual,
organizational, social and cultural changes."
The current state of social work professional
development is characterized by two realities. There is a great deal of
traditional social and psychological research (both qualitative and
quantitative) being carried out primarily by university-based researchers and by
researchers based in institutes, foundations, or social service agencies.
Meanwhile, many social work practitioners continue to look to their own
experience for knowledge. This is a continuation of the debate that has
persisted since the outset of the profession in the first decade of the
twentieth century.
One reason for the gap between information obtained
through practice, as opposed to through research, is that practitioners deal
with situations that are unique and idiosyncratic, while research concentrates
on similarities. The combining of these two types of knowledge is often
imperfect. A hopeful development for bridging this gap is the compilation, in
many practice fields, of collections of "best practices" which attempt to
distill research findings and the experience of respected practitioners into
effective practice techniques.[citation needed] Although social work has roots
in the informatics revolution, an important contemporary development in the
profession is overcoming suspicion of technology and taking advantage of the
potential of information technology to empower clients. Course Details: Professional social workers are generally considered those who hold a professional degree in social work and often also have a license or are professionally registered. Social workers have organized themselves into local, national, and international professional bodies to further the aims of the profession.
The minimum educational qualification for a career in social work is Master in
Social Work (MSW), which is a 2 years course open to all graduates from any
stream. But candidates with Sociology background would get some preference. Many
government colleges, universities and private educational institutions are
offering this course throughout the country. There is also M.Phil. and Ph.D.
programmes in Social Work offered by many institutions. Besides educational
qualification career in social work requires certain personality traits like
compassion for the underprivileged and urge to help them, capacity to work hard
under far-from-perfect working conditions, patience and dedication.
The Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS) was established in 1936, as the Sir
Dorabji Tata Graduate School of Social Work. In 1944, the Sir Dorabji Tata
Graduate School of Social Work was renamed as the Tata Institute of Social
Sciences. The year 1964 was an important landmark in the history of the
Institute, when it was recognized as a
Over the years, the Institute has made consistent contributions to civil society
and the development sector, through its education, research, field action and
extension and today, the TISS has earned recognition as an institution of repute
from different Ministries of the GoI; various State Governments; international
agencies such as the United Nations; and the non-government sector, both
national and international. A high degree of freedom and autonomy shape the
positive work ethos and creativity in the Institute facilitating strong linkages
between education, research, field action and dissemination, whose bulwark is a
commitment and responsiveness to social needs.
Several institutes and universities are offering Bachelor and Master Degree in
Social Work in
( Courtesy: http://www.employmentnews.gov.in/ ) Articles:
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